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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean CLKs' understanding and ability to draw on relational affordances and learner-internal elements, were important. For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both cited their local professor relationships as a major reason for them to choose to avoid criticising an uncompromising professor (see the example 2). This article examines all local pragmatic research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on the practical important topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has numerous advantages, but also some disadvantages. For instance it is that the DCT cannot account for the cultural and individual differences in communication. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. It is essential to analyze it carefully before it is used for research or assessment. Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool to investigate the relationship between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. Its ability to manipulate the social variables that are relevant to the manner of speaking in two or more steps could be a strength. This feature can help researchers study the role of prosody in communicating across cultural contexts, which is a major issue in cross-cultural pragmatics. In the field linguistics, DCT is among the most useful tools for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to study various issues, including manner of speaking, turn-taking, and the choices made in lexical use. It can be used to assess phonological complexity in learners' speech. A recent study utilized an DCT to test EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were given a set of scenarios to choose from and then asked to select the appropriate response. The authors found the DCT to be more effective than other methods for refusing like videos or questionnaires. However, the researchers cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other methods for collecting data. DCTs can be designed using specific language requirements, like form and content. These criteria are intuitive and are based on the assumptions of the test designers. They may not be correct, and they could incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually reject requests in actual interactions. This issue requires further studies of alternative methods of assessing refusal ability. In a recent study, DCT responses to student requests via email were compared to the responses from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs preferred more direct and conventionally indirect request forms and used hints less than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study looked at Chinese learners their pragmatic choices when they use Korean. It used various tools for experimentation such as Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of upper intermediate level who answered MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to think about their evaluations and refusal performance in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs often resisted native Korean pragmatic norms, and that their choices were influenced by four primary factors: their personalities, multilingual identities, their ongoing lives, and their relational advantages. These findings have pedagogical consequences for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data were examined to identify the participants' pragmatic choices. The data was categorized according Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared the choices made by the participants with their linguistic performance on DCTs to determine if they were a sign of pragmatic resistance. The interviewees also had to explain the reasons for choosing a pragmatic behavior in certain situations. The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then analysed using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. It was found that CLKs frequently resorted to the use of euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” and “thank you.” This was likely due to their lack of experience with the target language, which led to a lack of understanding of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preference for converging to L1 or departing from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms varied by the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12, the CLKs preferred to diverge from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms while in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms. The RIs further revealed that the CLKs were aware of their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs were transcribed and recorded by two independent coders and then coded. The coding process was an iterative process, where the coders read and discussed each transcript. The results of coding are contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine whether they accurately portrayed the underlying behavior. Refusal Interviews (RIs) One of the major questions in pragmatic research is why some learners choose to resist the pragmatic norms of native speakers. A recent study attempted to answer this question by using a variety of experimental tools, including DCTs MQs, DCTs and RIs. Participants included 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. They were required to complete the DCTs in their native language and to complete the MQs in either their L1 or their L2. They were then invited to an RI, where they were required to reflect on and discuss their responses to each DCT scenario. The results showed that, on average, the CLKs resisted native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their responses. 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯 did this even though they were able to produce patterns that resembled native speakers. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their actions to learner-internal factors like their identities, personalities and multilingual identities as well as ongoing life histories. They also spoke of external factors, such as relationships and advantages. For 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯 , they described how their relationships with professors facilitated more relaxed performance in relation to the intercultural and linguistic norms of their university. However, the interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures and punishments that they could be subject to if they violated their local social norms. They were concerned that their native interlocutors may view them as “foreignersand consider them unintelligent. This was a concern similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the default preference of Korean learners. They may still be useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. But it would be prudent for future researchers to reconsider their usefulness in particular situations and in different cultural contexts. This will allow them to better understand the effect of different cultural contexts on the classroom behavior and interactions of students from L2. Moreover, this will help educators create more effective methods to teach and test the korea-based pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor at Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consulting firm based in Seoul. Case Studies The case study method is an investigative technique that uses participant-centered, in-depth studies to study a specific subject. It is a method that uses numerous sources of data to back up the findings, such as interviews and observations, documents, and artifacts. This kind of research can be used to study complicated or unique issues that are difficult to other methods to measure. In a case study, the first step is to define the subject and the goals of the study. This will allow you to determine what aspects of the subject must be investigated and which ones can be skipped. It is also helpful to review existing literature related to the topic to gain a better knowledge of the subject and to place the case study in a broader theoretical context. This study was conducted on an open source platform that is the KMMLU leaderboard [50] and its specific benchmarks for Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the test revealed that the L2 Korean students were particularly susceptible to native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer choices that were literal interpretations of prompts, thereby ignoring precise pragmatic inference. They also showed a strong tendency to include their own text or “garbage” to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their answers. The participants of this study were L2 Korean students who had reached level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year of university and were hoping to achieve level six on their next attempt. They were asked to respond to questions regarding their WTC/SPCC and pragmatic awareness and comprehension. The interviewees were given two scenarios, each of which involved an imaginary interaction with their co-workers and were asked to select one of the following strategies when making a request. They were then asked to explain the reasoning behind their choice. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personalities. TS for instance said she was difficult to get along with and was hesitant to ask about the wellbeing of her colleague when they had a heavy work load, even though she believed native Koreans would.